Table 1.1 Chain Store Entrance, 1900–1910 8

8

Table 2.1 Hypothetical Impacts of Wal-Mart Explained

42

Table 3.1 Wal-Mart Entrance Model

58

Table 3.2 Influence of Demand Variables on Distance From Nearest Wal-Mart

68

Table 4.1 Early Studies of Wal-Mart

76

Table 4.2 Newer Studies of Wal-Mart and Labor Markets

84

Table 4.3 Difference in Retail Trade Subsector Share, 2000 (Indiana–U.S.)

87

Table 4.4 The Effect of Wal-Mart on Indiana Retail Employment

94

Table 4.5 Wal-Mart’s Impact on Wholesale Employment and Earnings

97

Table 5.1 Studies of Wal-Mart and Market Structure (Retail and Grocery)

102

Table 5.2 Wal-Mart’s Impact on Retail Pull Factor in Iowa

106

Table 5.3 Effect of Wal-Mart on Own County

108